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Every guide and free tool on Handwriting Repeater, grouped by topic. Each guide has a one-line summary so you can pick the right page.

Letter Formation

Where every letter and number starts, which way it goes, and the rhymes that help children remember.

  • Letter FormationWatch every lowercase letter formed stroke by stroke, with start dots and arrows, the way UK schools teach it. Trace on a tablet or print a free a-z sheet.
  • Capital Letter FormationWatch every capital letter formed stroke by stroke, in the right order, from the top line. Compare it with the lowercase letter and print a free A to Z sheet.
  • Number FormationWatch every number from 0 to 9 formed from its start dot, trace it on a tablet, fix reversed numbers and print a free sheet on lines or squared paper.
  • Letter Formation RhymesA letter formation rhyme for every letter, synced to an animation so children see each part of the movement as they say it. Plus printable rhyme cards.
  • Number Formation RhymesNumber formation rhymes for 0 to 10, synced to an animation of each numeral being written. Print them as a classroom display, cards or a number line.
  • Ascenders And DescendersWhich letters have ascenders and descenders, how tall they should be and why f changes by style. Type any word to see its tall and tail letters by zone.

Letter Families

The four families of letters that start with the same movement, and the order to teach them.

  • Letter FamiliesThe four handwriting letter families UK schools use, the order to teach them, and a planner and sorter game for your whiteboard. Watch each family formed.
  • Curly Caterpillar LettersWatch the curly caterpillar letters c, a, d, g, q, o, e, s and f formed from the right start dot. Try the whiteboard start-point quiz and print a free sheet.
  • Long Ladder LettersThe long ladder letters l, i, t, u, j and y all start at the top and go straight down. Watch each one formed, try the start-dot quiz and print a free sheet.
  • One-Armed Robot LettersThe one-armed robot letters r, b, n, h, m, k and p go down, back up and over. Watch each one formed without lifting the pencil, then print a free sheet.
  • Zig-Zag Monster LettersThe zig-zag monster letters z, v, w and x use straight lines and sharp points. Watch each one formed, try the whiteboard quiz and print a free sheet.

Joins And Styles

Pre-cursive, cursive and continuous cursive, the four joins, and school handwriting fonts.

  • Handwriting JoinsThe four handwriting joins UK schools teach, in order, plus the letters left unjoined. Type any word to see each join coloured, animated and ready to print.
  • Joined-Up HandwritingWhat joined-up handwriting is, how it differs from cursive and when UK children learn it (usually Year 2). Type your child’s name to see it joined.
  • Pre-Cursive HandwritingPre-cursive handwriting explained: unjoined letters with exit flicks that lead into joins. See any word change from print to pre-cursive and print a sheet.
  • Cursive HandwritingWhat cursive handwriting means in UK schools: cursive vs continuous cursive, how it is taught, and what the evidence says about its benefits. Compare live.
  • Cursive AlphabetEvery cursive letter from a to z and A to Z in the simple style UK schools teach, written stroke by stroke. See the alphabet joined and print a free chart.
  • Handwriting Fonts For TeachersCompare UK school handwriting fonts (Sassoon, the free PreCursive font and scheme fonts) by style, licence and cost, and see why fonts cannot show formation.

Worksheets And Printables

Make practice sheets, lined paper, certificates and pen licences in UK school styles.

  • Handwriting WorksheetsMake free handwriting worksheets in print, pre-cursive or cursive with start dots and year-group lines. Trace, fade and copy rows, name sheets, no sign-up.
  • Handwriting LinesFree printable handwriting paper in the right line size. See the lines at true scale, learn what each line is for and how sizes change, then print in seconds.
  • Cursive Handwriting WorksheetsFree cursive handwriting worksheets in UK school style: join pairs, joined words and sentences, sorted by join type. Type your own words and print in seconds.
  • Handwriting Practice SentencesHandwriting practice sentences and pangrams you can filter by letter family, join and year group. Play any sentence on the board or turn it into a free sheet.
  • Common Exception Words Handwriting PracticePractise the Year 1 and Year 2 common exception words: tap a word to watch it written in your school’s handwriting style, pick five a week, print a sheet.
  • Handwriting CertificatesFree handwriting award certificates for neat handwriting, great joins, effort or most improved. Add names in your school's handwriting style and print them.
  • Pen LicenceWhat a pen licence is, fair criteria for awarding one, the debate around them, and a free pen licence certificate you can personalise with a name and print.

Teaching Handwriting

Lesson structure, modelling, warm-ups, patterns, fine motor skills and whole-class checks.

  • How To Teach HandwritingHow to teach handwriting well: the principles, a lesson structure, the S factors checklist and common mistakes, plus a free lesson builder for your class.
  • Modelled HandwritingWhat modelled handwriting is and how to model letter formation well: I do, we do, you do, facing the class, and when to use a handwriting repeater.
  • Handwriting Warm-UpsHandwriting warm-up exercises for the shoulders, hands and fingers, with a timed routine to run on your whiteboard before every handwriting lesson. Free.
  • Pre-Writing PatternsThe 9 pre-writing shapes and handwriting patterns children learn before letters, with typical ages. Watch each drawn, trace it on a tablet and print sheets.
  • Multisensory HandwritingMultisensory handwriting activities that teach letter formation, from sky writing to sand trays, filtered by sense and prep time, plus a sky-writing mode.
  • Fine Motor Skills For HandwritingThe fine motor skills handwriting depends on, and activities to build them by age and time available. Pick three for today and print a week of practice.
  • Handwriting Assessment ChecklistA free handwriting assessment checklist for your whole class: formation, size, spacing, joins and speed. Names stay on your device; print or export it.
  • Handwriting Intervention KS2How to run a KS2 handwriting intervention: who needs it, a 15-minute session plan, baseline and exit checks, the EEF evidence and a free 6-week planner.
  • Handwriting SpeedTest handwriting speed in words per minute with a free 2-minute timer, compare it with typical ranges by age, and learn to write faster and still legibly.

Curriculum And Schools

What the National Curriculum and EYFS expect, year by year, plus schemes and a policy template.

  • Handwriting In The National CurriculumThe handwriting National Curriculum for England, word for word, from Year 1 to Year 6, with plain-English notes and examples of what each one looks like.
  • Handwriting In The EYFSWhat the EYFS expects for handwriting by the end of Reception, word for word, with examples, a daily routine and activities that build to letter formation.
  • Handwriting In KS1Handwriting in KS1: what Year 1 and Year 2 children learn, what good handwriting looks like at each stage, term-by-term plans, activities and free sheets.
  • Handwriting In KS2KS2 handwriting expectations for Years 3 to 6: joins, legibility and speed, what counts at the end of Year 6, SATs myths explained, and a fluency checklist.
  • Handwriting ProgressionA handwriting progression from EYFS to Year 6 by strand: formation, joins, fluency and speed. Filter it, switch it to your school's style, and export it.
  • Handwriting Schemes UKCompare UK handwriting schemes side by side: Kinetic Letters, Letter-join, Nelson, Penpals and more, by style, joins, EYFS, resources and cost. Facts dated.
  • Handwriting Policy TemplateBuild an editable handwriting policy for your primary school: style, letter families, joins, pens, inclusion and assessment, aligned to the curriculum.

Help And Support

Reversals, grip, posture, left-handers, dyspraxia, and help for parents and adults.

  • How To Improve Your Child's HandwritingWhy children's handwriting gets messy, what is normal at each age, a 5-minute daily plan for home, and a checker that shows when to ask the school for help.
  • Letter ReversalsLetter reversals like b and d are common up to age 7 or 8. Why they happen, which letters and numbers flip most, how to help at home and when to ask school.
  • b And d ReversalConfusing b and d is common up to age 7 or 8. See why it happens, the start-point rule that fixes it (b starts with a stick, d with a c) and a class game.
  • Mirror Writing In ChildrenMirror writing is very common in children learning to write, and they grow out of it. Why it happens, a simple start-on-the-left cue, and when to ask.
  • Pencil GripThe stages of pencil grip from fisted to tripod, with typical ages. Tap the grip that matches your child's to see their stage, the next step and when to ask.
  • Handwriting PostureThe correct posture for handwriting: feet flat, back supported, table just above elbow height, paper held steady. A quick checklist and a free poster.
  • Left-Handed HandwritingHow to set up paper, pencil grip and seating for a left-handed child, and free left-handed handwriting sheets with the model letters on the right-hand side.
  • Dyspraxia And HandwritingHow dyspraxia (DCD) affects handwriting, and practical ways to support a child at home and at school: bigger lines, slower practice, extra time and typing.
  • When Can Children Write Their Name?Most children write some or all of their name by 4 to 5. Typical ages, the stages of name writing, how to teach it the school way, and a name tracing sheet.
  • Handwriting Practice For AdultsImprove your handwriting as an adult with a simple two-week plan, a quick self-check and free practice sheets for neater print or simple joined handwriting.

Free Tools

Every tool runs in the browser and keeps what you type on your device.

About This Site

  • About Handwriting RepeaterWho built Handwriting Repeater, how every letter is drawn from UK sources, where the facts come from, how the site is funded and how to report a correction.
  • Contact Handwriting RepeaterContact Handwriting Repeater to report a correction, ask about using it in your school, or send feedback. Please do not send pupil names or personal details.
  • Privacy NoticeWhat Handwriting Repeater stores and what it does not: nothing you type or record leaves your device, there are no accounts, and no child data is collected.
  • Cookie NoticeWhich cookies and local storage Handwriting Repeater uses, which need your consent, and how to change your choice. The tool works without any of them.
  • Accessibility StatementHow accessible Handwriting Repeater is, what we test, the limits we know about, and how to tell us if something does not work for you. Updated each term.